As eloquent evidences of the first moments of the Portuguese occupation of the first capital of the colony, the church of Mercy and its hospital of the Island of Mozambique, survived, through the centuries, to several torments, such as the extinction of the Religious Orders or the separation of the State and Churches. Despite this, during a life marked by moments of prestige and others of decay, the centre of the Island of Mozambique’s Holy House of Mercy gathered up a substantial treasure that, during the Estado Novo, originated the Sacred Art Museum.