In Michel Foucault’s work, the institution hospital is presented as a biopolitical apparatus (dispositif) illustrating the nexus between knowledge (savoir) and power. This conference addresses the link between the medicalization of hospital and the hospitalization of medicine. By the end of the 18th century, at the same time that hospital turns from a place where people come to die (mouroir) to a curing machine (machine à guérir), medicine turns from a general health technique to a clinical practice. This science-becoming of medicine finds its correlate in an organization of the hospital space marked by a spatial distribution of elements, both architectonical and of its interior space, which criterion is the optimization of processes and results – the disease control and life’s maximization. On the other hand, the seizure of power by the doctor that Foucault points out in the hospital can also show the way in which the doctor, at the top of the hospital hierarchy, is after all one more subject of the power he represents.